Cab-free Design Implications for Off-Highway Vehicles

With the recent introduction of Google’s self-driving cars, which rely on sensors and GPS rather than a human driver, it’s only a matter of time before fully autonomous vehicles spread to other areas of transportation. This technology has potential for expansion into mega-farms and construction sites as well. Designers of prototype vehicles can prepare for the shift to more autonomous operation of off-highway equipment by focusing new equipment development on two key areas: increased equipment density and predictive maintenance.

Increased Equipment Density

By transferring responsibly from the driver to the vehicle’s operating system, designers of autonomous vehicles are already choosing to omit standard features such as pedals and steering wheels, which frees up more design space. As more off-highway vehicles become fully autonomous, cabs will no longer be required, which allows for more design freedom. Designers will be to position major components in areas of the vehicle where it makes the most sense, such as shifting the engine and powertrain to a location for optimum weight distribution. 

More efficient design will also allow vehicles to become more compact, without sacrificing production and performance on the job site. Removing cabs from off-highway vehicles will also create space for this equipment to become more versatile. Current job sites often house many vehicles needed to perform different tasks. Future autonomous designs will allow designers to combine multiple pieces of equipment into one vehicle, increasing equipment density and reducing the number of individual vehicles needed on site.

Predictive Maintenance

With this increase in equipment features, vehicles will require additional access doors and panels on equipment to ease the speed of maintenance and serviceability. The sensors used in autonomous equipment will also become more intelligent as the technology evolves, providing equipment status and enhancing safety and security. While external cameras and sensors are already being used to deliver feedback to the autonomous vehicle’s system controls, an increase in internal sensors can also provide predictive maintenance feedback that can be used to avoid costly repairs and downtime.

For maintenance personnel, the need for quick, reliable access to critical areas of off-highway equipment is as critical today as it will be to the autonomous vehicles of the future. With fewer operators on the actual job site, adding additional security to these panels will also be necessary. Sensors placed on access panels can be used to send notifications to networked systems to monitor access remotely. This technology offers the owner or manager of the equipment a way to track unauthorized entry, locate a vehicle and even notify authorities, providing enhanced security from anywhere in the world.